Saƙonnin Masu Karatu (2022) (10)

Kamar makon jiya, yau ma za mu ci gaba ne da amsa tambayoyin masu karatu.  Da fatan za a ci gaba da kasancewa tare damu yadda aka saba.

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Yada Kalamai da Bayanan Ɓatanci

Cikin dalilan dake sa a rufe shafinka a Facebook akwai yin amfani da bayanan ɓatanci ga wani – cikin rubutu, ko bidiyo, ko sauti, ko hoto.  Wataƙila kace: “To, ta wace hanya hukumar Facebook ke gane ire-iren waɗannan bayanai kafin ta ɗauki mataki a kan mai laifi?”  Amsar ita ce, a wannan dandali na Facebook akwai tsare-tsare cikin wasu manhajoji da aka tanada, waɗanda aka gina tsarin “hankali” da “fahimta” da “tunani” a cikinsu, ta amfani da fasahar “Artificial Intelligence”, wato “AI”, da “Machine Learning”, wato: “ML”, da kuma fasahar “Deep Learning”, ko “DL” a gajarce.  Suna iya fahimtar zagi, da kalaman ɓatanci, da cin mutunci da duk wani abu makamancin wannan, cikin al’adar harshen da aka siffata musu.  Idan kuma zagin ko cin mutuncin anyi shi ne cikin harshen da na’urar ba ta iya fahimta, akwai hanyoyin da suke bi wajen karɓan koken jama’a dake kai ƙaran wanda ya aibata su.  Hukumar Facebook na iya amfani da wannan koke wajen hukunta mai laifi.  Misali, idan waɗannan manhajoji ba sa iya fahimtar kalmar zagi ko ɓatanci a harshen Hausa, sabo da ganin fasahar da aka kintsa musu cikin harshen Turancin Ingilishi ne ko Faransanci ko Rashanci, to, a wannan yanayi ka ga zai musu wahala tantance kalmar ɓatanci da zagi cikin wannan harshe.  Amma akwai hanyar koke, kamar yadda na ambata a sama.

Waɗannan manhajoji da tsare-tsare ne ke taimaka maka wajen haɗa ka alaƙa da waɗanda ka taɓa sani a rayuwa, da nuna maka bayanan da kake gani a “Newsfeed”, wato idon garin Facebook kenan.  A taƙaice dai, wannan tsari ne ke lura da dukkan abin da kake yi a Facebook.  Da zarar ka taka doka, nan take tsarin zai zartar da hukuncin da aka gina shi akai, a kanka.  Idan kuskure ne, wanda hakan kan faru sosai, kana iya kai musu koke.  Kuma shi yasa suka tanadi mutane na musamman waɗanda aikinsu kenan karɓa da amsa waɗannan koke da yin nazari kan bayanan da ka aiko musu.  Idan ka kasa aikowa, sai su bar shafin a yadda yake; a kulle.  Kamar na sanar a baya, Dandalin Facebook ya tanadi ma’aikata guda dubu goma shabiyar (15,000) wanda aikinsu kenan tantance ƙorafe-ƙorafen mutane, tare da warware na warwarewa.  Wanda bazai warwaru ba kuma, su barshi a naɗe; a dabaibaye.

Idan hukumar Facebook ta kama ka da laifin wallafawa da yaɗa sakonnin ɓatanci da cin mutuncin wasu, za ta rufe shafinka har abada.

Wallafawa da Yada Sakonnin Batsa

Hukumar Facebook tana iya rufe shafinka idan ya tabbata cewa kana yaɗa saƙonnin batsa tsakanin jama’a; ya Allah ta hanyar rubutattun saƙonni ne, ko hotuna, ko sauti, ko kuma ta amfani da saƙonnin bidiyon batsa.  Kalmar batsa a harshen Bahaushe musulmi ɗan Afirka, ma’anarta na iya shan banban da yadda turawa suke ɗaukanta.  Mu a nan, saboda tasirin al’ada da addini, tsaraici haramun ne, kuma aibu ne yaɗa shi.  Amma a wajen turawa ba kowane irin tsaraici yake haramun ba a al’adarsu.  Don haka, idan hukumar Facebook ta ambaci kalmar “batsa”, ko “Pornography”, ko “Obscene language”, ko “Explicit content”, tana nufin haƙiƙanin tsagwaron batsa ne, wanda ya shafi alfasha da ya wuce gona da iri.  A shekarar 2020, Hukumar Facebook ta goge saƙonnin batsa (a yanayin rubutu da hotuna da sauti da bidiyo), sama da miliyan saba’in da biyar (75 million).  A ɓangaren saƙonnin da suka danganci yaudarar ƙananan yara da aikata alfasha dasu kuma, ta goge miliyan goma sha takwas (18 million).

Yaɗa hotuna masu ɗauke da haƙiƙanin tsaraici, ko alfasha a aikace, ko rubutattun saƙonni masu ɗauke da zallar yaren batsa, laifi ne mai girman gaske.  Idan cikin harshen da dandalin ke fahimta da hankalta ne aka wallafa, nan take shafin zai dunkule shi, ya kuma nuna cewa wannan saƙo bai kamata a ɗora shi ba.  Kuma idan mutum yaci gaba da ɗora ire-iren waɗannan saƙonni, manhajar Facebook na iya rufe shafinsa kai tsaye, ba tare da wani ɓata lokaci ba.  Waɗannan saƙonni sukan zama laifi ne idan mai shafi ya ɗora su a kan shafinsa (Timeline), ko ƙarƙashin saƙon wani (Comment space), ko akan shafi Facebook Page, ko kuma cikin zaurukan Facebook (Facebook Group).  Haka idan wani ya kai koken wani kan yaɗa saƙonnin batsa tsakanin jama’a, hukumar Facebook za ta yi nazari kan saƙon, idan ya tabbata, za ta ɗauki mataki kan mai shafin nan take.

Sai dai kamar yadda na ambata a baya, idan rubutattun saƙonni ne da aka rubuta cikin harshen da wannan manhaja ba ta iya fahimta, sai in kai ne ka kai koke; ba abin da zai faru akai.  Haka ire-iren waɗannan saƙonni, idan ta hanyar manhajar “Messenger” aka aika su, manhajar ba ta iya fahimta.  Shi yasa galibin masu amfani da dandalin Facebook ke fakewa da “Messenger” wajen aika ire-iren waɗannan saƙonni.

A taƙaice dai, idan Hukumar Facebook ta rufe maka shafi sanadiyyar yaɗa sakonnin batsa, ba a sa ranar da za a buɗe.  An rufe kenan, har abada.

Barazana Ga Rayuwar Wani/Wasu

Daga cikin dalilan dake sa hukumar Facebook ta rufe shafin mai rajista, akwai samun ƙwaƙƙwaran hujja kan barazana ga rayuwar wani ko wasu dake wannan mahalli.  Yin hakan ya saɓa wa dokoki da ƙa’idar ma’amala a wannan dandali, wanda kuma yarda da hakan sharaɗi ne kafin a baka damar buɗe shafi a Facebook.  Kenan, duk wanda ka gan shi a dandalin Facebook yana ta’ammali da sauran masu rajista, to, lallai sai da ya amince da wannan sharaɗi kafin aka bashi damar yin hakan.  Daga cikin babbar manufar samar da Facebook akwai bai wa kowa damar amfani da wannan manhaja ko fasaha cikin kwanciyar hankali da lumana da cikakkiyar natsuwa.  Yin barazana ga rayuwar wani kuma ya ci karo da wannan manufa.  A shekarar 2020, hukumar Facebook ta goge saƙonni masu ɗauke da tayar da fitina, ko hatsaniya, ko kisa, sama da miliyan arba’in (40 million).

Idan kayi barazanar kashe wani, ko raunata shi, ko cutar dashi ta kowace hanya ne, kuma har fasahar dake wannan Dandali ta gano ka har ta sa maka alama, to nan take za ayi waje da kai.  Haka idan fasahar dake gine cikin wannan manhaja bata iya tantance abin da kayi ba saboda bambancin harshen da kayi amfani dashi, to, duk wanda ya kai koke ga hukumar Facebook kan haka, ana iya amfani da kokensa wajen kulle shafinka.

Kamar yadda na bayyana a baya, barazana ga rayuwar wani na iya kasancewa ta hanyoyi daban-daban; ko dai ya zama a rubuce ne, ta hanyar aika masa saƙo, ko wallafa saƙon a shafinsa, ko wallafawa a shafinka don sanar dashi, ko wallafa hoto mai ɗauke da saƙon barazana gareshi, ko wallafa saƙon bidiyo mai dauƙe da saƙon barazana, ko kuma, a karon ƙarshe, wallafa saƙo mai ɗauke da saƙon sauti don isar da wannan sako.  Dukkan waɗannan hanyoyi, idan aka samu shedar amfani da ɗaya daga cikinsu dake tabbatar da barazana ga rayuwar wani, Hukumar Facebook na iya kulle shafinka kai tsaye.