Fasahar “Digital Currency”: Mabudin Kunnuwa

Mabudin Kunnuwa

Ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairun da ta gabata ne hukumar Babban Bankin Najeriya, da aka fi sani da “CBN” a gajarce, ta fitar da wata sanarwa mai dauke da umarni ga dukkan bankunan Najeriya, cewa su rufe dukkan wata taskar ajiya (Bank Account) da ake amfani da ita wajen karba, ko aikawa, ko cinikayyar nau’ukan kudaden da ake amfani dasu a kafafen sadarwa na zamani da ake kira da suna: “Cryptocurrencies”, musamman ma nau’in “Bitcoin”.  Domin a cewar babban bankin, wannan ba shi ne karo na farko ba da ya fara bayar da wannan umarni ga wadannan bankuna.  Wannan sanarwa ta tabbatar da cewa duk wani banki da aka samu da yin taurine kai kan wannan umarni, to, babban bankin ya sha alwashin daukan tsauraran matakan doka a kansa, kamar yadda doka ta tanada.

Fitar da wannan sanarwa ke da wuya, tuni kafafen yada labarai da na sada zumunta suka dauka; aka kama cecekuce kan rashin dacewar wannan umarni dake dauke cikin wannan sanarwa da CBN ya fitar.   Masu ganin kuskuren babban bankin suka ce don me za a haramta wa ‘yan Najeriya ta’ammali da wadannan nau’ukan kudade, wadanda ta hanyarsa ake samun alheri mai dimbin yawa, musamman ribar wajen hawan farashinsu, da aiwatar da cinikayya cikin sauki a Intanet, da aika kudade ga wadanda ke wasu kasashen cikin sauki?  Wannan, a cewar masu korafin, ya tauye wa ‘yan Najeriya hakkinsu ne na damar hada-hadar kudi tsakanin kasashe wanda ya dace da zamani.  Sannan samuwar wannan hanya ta hada-hadar kudade a Intanet, wata hanya ce da galibin ‘yan Najeriya a yanzu ke amfani da ita wajen rage zafin talaucin dake addabarsu sanadiyyar tabarbarewar tattalin arzikin kasarmu.  In kuwa haka ne, don me hukuma za sake toshe wannan kafa?

Kwanaki biyu bayan sakin wannan sanarwa da babban banki yayi, ta la’akari da korafin da jama’a ke yi kan wannan doka mai tsauri, sai ya sake fitar da wata sanar mai tsayi (wajen shafuka 5), don yin Karin bayani da bayyana mahimman dalilan da suka sa dole ya dauki wannan mataki.  Da farko dai, yace wannan sanarwa ba wata sabuwar sanarwa bace; tun ranar 12 ga watan Janairun shekarar 2017 ya fitar da asalin sanarwar, inda ya umarci dukkan bankuna da kada su kuskura su yi amfani da wadannan nau’ukan kudade, ko adana su a taskar masu ajiya dasu, ko aiwatar da kowane irin nau’in kasuwanci ne da suka shafe su.  Bankin yace, bayan shekara guda kuma ya sake fitar da Karin tunanatarwa a ranar 27 ga watan Fabrairun shekarar 2018, duk kan wannan umarni da ya bayar a shekarar 2017.  Ashe Kenan, wannan sanarwa ta ranar 5 ga watan Fabrairun da ta gabata, nanata umarni ne, wanda tuni asalin sanarwa kan haka ya gabata.

Daga cikin manyan dalilan da babban bankin ya bayar, wanda sanadiyyarsu ya haramta wa bankuna cinikayya da ta’ammali da wadannan nau’ukan kudaden kafafen sadarwa na zamani, akwai tsananin hadarin dake tattare dasu na hauhawan farashinsu, wanda sanadiyyar hakan jama’a na iya hasarar kudadensu.  Sannan yace da dama cikin masu satan kudaden jama’a a kasa na amfani da wannan hanya ne wajen fitar da kudaden zuwa wasu kasashe, tunda babu wata hukuma dake da alhalin lura da ayyukan wadannan kafafe a duniya. Sannan ana amfani da wadannan na’ukan kudade wajen taimaka wa ayyukan ta’addanci a duniya.  Kai hatta masu safaran miyagun kwayoyi, inji babban bankin Najeria, suna amfani da wannan hanya ce wajen  saye, da sayarwa, da kuma aikawa ko karban wadannan haramtattun kayayyaki na maye.  Don haka, a cewarsa, shi yasa kasashe irin su Sin (China), da Kanada, da Taiwan, da Indonesiya, da Aljeriya, da Bolibiya, da Masar, da Maroko, da Kazkiztan, da Ekwado, da Saudi Arebiya, da Jodan, da Iran, da Bangladesh, da Nepal, da kuma Kambodiya, duk sun samar da wasu nau’ukan dokoki dake kayyadewa, ko ma hana ta’ammali da wadanna nau’ukan kudade.  Ba don komai ba, sai don baiwa dukiyar jama’ar kasashensu kariya.

Biyo bayan wannan sanarwa na karshe dai na yi ta samun kiraye-kiraye da sakonni ta kafafen sadarwa da sada zumunta, inda masu karatu ke kokarin shin, yaya wadannan nau’ukan kudade suke ne ma?  Ta yaya suke samuwa?  Wa ke samar dasu?  Ta yaya ake iya mallakarsu, kuma me yasa wasu kasashe ke yunkurin hana ta’ammali dasu?  Da sauran tambayoyin neman Karin bayani makamantan wannan.  Daga wannan mako in Allah Ya so, zan fara koro bayanai kan wannan nau’in fasaha na hada-hadar kudade ta Intanet, da duk wani abin da ya kamaci mai karatu ya sani.  Amma kafin nan, zai dace mu fahimci yadda tsarin hada-hadar kudade ya samo asali a tarihin zamanin yau.

A ci gaba da kasancewa tare damu.