Hira da Tattaunawa a Intanet

Daga lokacin da mai karatu yazo ƙarshen wannan maƙala, zai fahimci cewa lallai tsarin da mutane ke kai wajen gudanar da haƙiƙanin rayuwa ta zahiri, bai da banbanci da wanda suke gudanarwa ta Intanet.  Idan ma akwai, to banbancin kadan ne.  Domin a yanzu kusan dukkan harkokin rayuwa na zahiri ana kokarin ganin cewa an samu kwatankwacinsu a duniyar gizo.  Shi yasa a ƙasashen Turai da America, inda ake da ci gaba ta fannin tattalin arziƙin ƙasa, mutane kan kashe kusan kashi sittin cikin ɗari na lokutansu suna yawo a Intanet; ko dai sayayya suke yi, ko hira da abokan arziki, ko neman bayanai don bincike, ko koyon karatu ko buga wasan kwamfuta, wato Computer Game, da sauran harkokin rayuwa.   Daga cikin waɗannan wurare akwai Zaurorin Hira da Majalisun Tattaunawa, wato Chat Rooms and Mailing Lists, a turance.

A ƙasidar da ta gabata wancan mako, mun karanta cewa Wasikar Hanyar Sadarwa wato Imel, na ɗaya daga cikin gimshikan da suka dada habbaka sanayya kan Fasahar Intanet a duniya gaba.  To bayan Imel,  masu biye mata sune Zaurorin Hira da Majalisun Tattaunawa.  Dunƙulallen sunan da suka fi shahara dashi shi ne Cyber Communities, ko kace Ƙauyukan Yanar Gizo, a Hausance.   Wurare ne ko hanyoyi saduwa da juna don hira ko tattaunawa kan harkokin rayuwa gaba ɗaya; daga siyasa zuwa addini; daga likitanci zuwa lauyanci.  Duk wani abin da ka san ya shafi rayuwar ɗan Adam, to akwai inda ake tattaunawa kan yadda abin yake, ko asalinsa ko tasirinsa wajen amfani da rashinsa.  A waɗannan wurare za ka amfana da ilmummuka da dama; wasu lokuta ayi nishadi, a wasu lokutan kuma kowa ya zare tokobinsa ana daga jijiyoyin wuya.  Ga taƙaitaccen bayani kan kowanne daga cikinsu, da kuma yadda ake shiga da gudanar da mu’amala a cikinsu:

Zauren Hira (Chat Room/Messenger)

Zaurorin Hira wurare ne da ake hira irin na ga-ni-ga-ka, wato yanzu-yanzu.  Za ka iya aikawa da rubutacciyar sako a kuma baka amsa yanzu-yanzu, kamar ga ka ga abokin hiranka.  Hakan na yiwuwa ne ta hanyar Manhajar Hirar Ga-ni-ga-ka, wato “Instant Chat Program” a turance.  Waɗannan manhajoji na ɗauke ne a gidajen yanan sadarwa daban-daban.  Shahararru daga cikinsu sune: Yahoo! Messenger (http://messenger.yahoo.com). Sai Network Messenger (http://www.msn.com).  Akwai kuma ICQ – I Seek You, a lafazance –  (http://www.icq.com).  Sannan ga AOL Instant Messenger (http://www.aol.com).  Sai kuma ƙanana irinsu: TalkCity (http://www.talkcity.com) da Snap Chap (http://chat.snap.com) sai kuma PalTalk (http://www.paltalk.com).  Don samun cikakkiyar fahimtar yadda ake gudanar da ire-iren waɗannan hirarraki, za mu yi misali cikin bayani da Yahoo Messenger, wanda yafi shahara.

Da farko dai dole ne ya zama kana da adireshin Imel, wanda da shi ne za ka iya shiga Zauren Hiran.  Kuma dashi ne sauran abokan hiranka za su iya shaidaka.  Haka idan ka tashi neman abokan hira, dole sai da adireshin Imel.  Daga nan sai ka diro (download) da Manhajar Zauren Hiran, wato Instant Chat Program, daga gidan yanan sadarwan Yahoo!, za ka sameshi a http://messenger.yahoo.com.  Idan babu a kwamfutar da ka hau kenan, amma idan a Mashakatar Tsallake-tsallake kake (cyber café), sai ka duba fuskar talabijin kwamfutar da ka hau (desktop), za ka ga tambarin hoton kan mutum ƙarami, an rubuta Yahoo! Messenger a ƙasansa.  Da zarar ka matsa shi sau biyu cikin lokaci guda (double-click), zai buɗo.  Sai ka shigar da suna (username) da kalmar iznin shiganka (password), waɗanda ka buɗe Akwatin Imel ɗinka dasu.  Idan allon hirarka ya buɗo, sai ka haura sama daga dama, ka matsa “contacts”, ka zarce “add contacts”.  A nan ne za ka ga inda za ka shigar da adireshin Imel din abokanan hiranka.  Da zarar ka gama shigarwa sai ka matsa inda aka rubuta “finish”.  Idan ka ga alamar dake ɗauke da adireshi ko sunayen abokan hiranka ta canza zuwa kalan rawaya (yellow), wannan ke nuna cewa lallai suna kan kwamfutarsu.  Don haka sai ka matsa alamar sau biyu lokaci ɗaya, zauren hiranka zai buɗe, ɗauke da sunan abokin hiranka a gurun dake sama, wato Title Bar.

Zauren hawa biyu ne; sama da ƙasa.  A ƙasa za ka riƙa rubuta saƙonka, sai ka matsa “enter” dake dama, saƙonnin za su haura sama, yayin da abokin hiranka zai gansu.  Idan ya rubuto nasa, a sama za ka gansu. Kowane sako na ɗauke da adireshi ko sunan wanda ya rubuto tsakanin kai ko shi.  A jikin wannan zauren hira, akwai inda za ka iya aika masa jakunkunan bayanai (files) ko hotuna da dai sauransu.  Da zarar kuma abokin hiranka ya fice daga nasa zauren, za ka samu sako cewa: “wane has signed out” a misali.  Daga nan sai ka matsa inda aka rubuta “conversation” dake jikin zaurenka, daga can sama, ka gangaro “close”, sai ka matsa.  Ka fice kenan daga naka zauren kaima.

 Majalisun Tattaunawa (Mailing Lists ko Discussion Forum)

Majalisun Tattaunawa wurare ne da ake tattauna al’marun rayuwa ta hanyar saƙonnin Imel.  Asalin Manhajar da ke aika waɗannan saƙonni ga mambobin da ke ire-iren waɗannan majalisu na cikin gidajen yanan sadarwa ne.  Ana kiransu Listervers, a turance.   Idan ka aika da sako zuwa ga Uwar Garken manhajan, sai ta karba, ta cilla ma dukkan mambobin majalisar.  Da zarar sun gani, duk wanda ya aika da jawabi kan abin da ka rubuta, za ta karba, ta cilla ma kowa.  Haka ake gabatar da tattaunawa a waɗannan majalisu.  Wani abin sha’awa shi ne, ko a ina kake za ka iya shiga irin waɗannan majalisu, muddin kana shiga Intanet.  Kuma sun zama hanyoyi mafiya sauƙi wajen haɗa abota tsakanin mutanen dake nahiyoyin duniya daban-daban.  Kuma suna nan kala-kala, kuma cikin harshe daban-daban.  Hausawa na da nasu majalisun, inda ake tattaunawa kan al’adun Hausawa.  Akwai majalisar Finafinan Hausa, da na Marubuta Littafin Hausa, da na Al’adun Hausawa, waɗanda Farfesa Abdallah Uba Adamu dake Jami’ir Bayero dake Kano ya buɗe.  Sai majalisun da ake tattauna harkokin Musulunci irinsu Nurul Islam, wanda Malam Magaji Galadima ya buɗe, kuma nake lura da ita.  Da kuma Majalisar Dandalin Matasa, nan ma Musuluci ake tattaunawa, wata baiwar Allah ce mai suna Aishah Adamu ta buɗe.  Kai da dai sauran Majalisu da dama, sai wanda ka shigo ka gani.

Idan kana buƙatar shiga ire-iren wadanan majalisu, na farko ya zama kana da adireshin Imel, kamar yadda bayani ya gabata.  Sai ka zabi irin Majalisar da kake son shiga.  Akwai gidajen Yanan Sadarwa dake ɗauke da manhajar majalisun tattaunawa irin su: Yahoo! Groups (http://groups.yahoo.com), da MSN (http://communities.msn.com) sai kuma Google Groups (http://groups-beta.google.com).   Mu ƙaddara Yahoo! Groups kake son shiga, kuma Majalisar Finafinan Hausa.  Sai ke je zauren Majalisar, a http://groups.yahoo.com/group/finafinan_hausa .    Sai ka matsa inda aka rubuta “Join This Group”, za a kai ka inda za ka shigar da suna (username) da kalmar iznin shiganka (password) na Yahoo.  In ka shigar, sai ka matsa “Sign In”, shafi zai buɗo.  To, kasancewar Majalisar Finafinan Hausa kullalliya ce, ma’ana sai ka nemi iznin Madugu, wato Uban Majalisa kenan.  A shafin za ka ga inda aka tana maka don rubuta dalilin shiganka.  Da ka gama, sai ka matsa “send” da ke can ƙasa.  Ya danganta da lokacin da ka aika, amma galibi, ba ya wuce kwana ɗaya, za a shigar da kai.  Daga nan za ka fara samun saƙonnin da wasu ke aikowa majalisar.  Idan ka karanta, sai ka aika da naka.

Abin da ake so a dukkan majalisu shi ne, duk lokacin da ka shigo a matsayinka na sabon ɗan majalisa, sai ka natsu don karanta dokokin da ke majalisar, don dukkan majalisu suna da dokokinsu.  Bayan nan, kada ka cutar da kowa da zagi ko da bakar Magana; ka zama mai dattako; ka riƙa karanta dukkan saƙon da aka aiko maka daga farko zuwa ƙarshe, wannan zai baka dama sani inda aka kwana, kada ka sari bayani da sama, ka kasa fahintar abin da ake Magana akai.  Bayan nan, saƙonninka su zama taƙaitattu, gwargwadon buƙata, kuma masu ma’ana.  Idan kuma baka da abin cewa, to a gaskiya yin shiru shi yafi alkhairi.  Dukkan waɗannan dokoki su ake kira Nettiquette a turance.

Daga ƙarshe, ga adireshin wasu daga cikin majalisun Hausawa dake Intanet:

• Finafinan Hausa      http://groups.yahoo.com/group/finafinan_hausa
• Marubuta                   http://groups.yahoo.com/group/marubuta
• Hausa da Hausawa http://groups.yahoo.com/group/hausadahausawa
• Nurul-Islam               http://groups.yahoo.com/group/nurul-islam
• Dandalin Matasa      http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dandalinmatasa

Inda ka samu matsala wajen shiga, ka iya rubuto mani a adireshin Imel dina dake ƙasa, don in agaza maka, in Allah Ya yarda.

A mako mai zuwa za mu yi bayani kan yadda ake neman bayanai a Intanet.  A biyo mu.